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Why Was Servet-i Fünûn Important?
Servet-i Fünûn was an important literary and cultural magazine published in the late Ottoman Empire. Founded in 1891, it became the voice of a Western-influenced literary movement that shaped modern Turkish literature until its closure in 1901.

Oral Toğa
Aug 23, 20244 min read


Franco–Ottoman Relations in Terms of France's Middle Eastern Policies During the Reign of Louis XIV
Below is the speech delivered at the World Congress for Middle Eastern Studies on August 18, 2014: Ladies and Gentlemen, Distinguished...

Oral Toğa
Nov 14, 20228 min read
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